Zahra Asad; Hossein Akbari; Alireza Dehdashti; Milad Motalebi Kashani; Hamidreza Saberi; Masoud Motalebi Kashani
Volume 20, s1 , December 2018, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
Background: Traumatic injuries are a leading cause of death and disability in the working population, worldwide. According to estimates, by 2020, traumatic injuries will be the second cause of disability in developing countries and the third cause of death and disability across nations, worldwide. Objectives: ...
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Background: Traumatic injuries are a leading cause of death and disability in the working population, worldwide. According to estimates, by 2020, traumatic injuries will be the second cause of disability in developing countries and the third cause of death and disability across nations, worldwide. Objectives: This study aimed at assessing work-related traumas and related risk factors that may contribute to the development of injuries among Iranian metal melting workers in Kashan industrial sites. Methods: Data were collected by a descriptive cross-sectional study on 178 Iranian metal melting workers in five manufacturing sites of Kashan, selected as a census. The data consisted of a three-year period from 2014 to 2016. Samples were selected as the census. The study used a demographic questionnaire, accident investigation reports, and interviews with workers that had experienced traumatic injuries, to collect data. Results: Overall, 58.43% of workers experienced traumatic events. The data indicated a significant association between ages, years of employment, and being a witness of an accident with work-related trauma (P < 0.05). Workers involved in smelting operations experienced more injuries than workers at other processing units. Most Injuries affected hands and wrists. The leading causes of work-related injuries were contacting with hot objects (42.3%), fall from height (26.9%), electrical shock (1.9%), strike (18.3%), stuck (3.8%), and strain (1.9%). Conclusions: These results may contribute to the nature of tasks in metal melting process, requiring the performance of hot pro- cesses and heavy manual tasks with hand tools. The results provide steps for developing prevention strategies. Metal workers in- volved in performing hot processes and heavy manual tasks might be considered as first targets for preventive interventions.
Shima Bahrani; Fatemeh Zargar; Gholamali Yousefipour; Hossein Akbari
Volume 19, Issue 4 , April 2017, , Pages 1-8
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy in improvement of psychological symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and stress. Recent studies suggest that mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) are effective in reducing these psychological symptoms in chronic ...
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Background: Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy in improvement of psychological symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and stress. Recent studies suggest that mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) are effective in reducing these psychological symptoms in chronic diseases. The present study was the first study to examine the effects of mindfulness-integrated cognitive behavior therapy (MiCBT) on common comorbid psychological symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).Objectives: The present study aimed at examining the effect of mindfulness-integrated cognitive behavior therapy on depression, anxiety, and stress in females with multiple sclerosis.Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study conducted on female patients with MS who referred to Fars MS Society, Shiraz, Iran, in 2015. A total of 56 patients with MS were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received eight 2-hour sessions of MiCBT, while the control group was only given the usual treatment (TAU). The patients in both groups filled out a demographic questionnaire along with depression, anxiety and stress scales (DASS-21) in pre- and posttest.Results: In the current study, no statistically significant differences were found between the study groups in demographic variables (P > 0.05). Analysis of covariance revealed significant differences between the study groups in all the 3 variables in posttest compared to the pretest. The mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress in the MiCBT group were significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.001). The mean score of depression was 16.69 ± 7.1 in the experimental group before the intervention, which decreased to 6.17 ± 5.7 after the intervention (P < 0.001). In addition, the mean score of anxiety was 13.2 ± 7.25 in pre-intervention, which significantly reduced to 6.09±5.2 in post-intervention (P < 0.001). The mean score of stress also decreased from 22.09±6.07 to 10.87 ± 6.3 compared to the pretest (P < 0.001).Conclusions: The results of the present study suggested that mindfulness-integrated cognitive behavior therapy is an effective and affordable treatment in reducing depression, anxiety, and stress for patients with MS.
